By:  Vagelis Zorbas

Why You Need to Know the Philippine Art of Kino Mutai.

If you look back at the history of the Philippines, you will see war and bloodshed. During many of their battles, the Filipinos found themselves outnumbered, outgunned or both. Consequently, they developed an ideology that focused on finding a way to put themselves on equal footing with their adversaries, to somehow circumvent the odds. They were forced to be innovative in dealing with the harsh reality of the times.

For the Filipinos, "circumvent" ended up meaning "find a way to cheat." In the world of weapons combat, they concocted an amazing way of cheating: Instead of blocking a strike with their own weapon, they would smash or cut the opponent’s weapon hand. The opponent was likened to a snake and the weapon was the fangs of the snake; hence, the method was called "defanging the snake." While the rest of the world went toe-to-toe while fighting with weapons—blocking strikes and trading blows like nobody’s business—the Filipinos would simply attack the hand. When fighting with empty hands, the Filipinos employed the same ideology. Instead of blocking punches and kicks, they used nerve destructions against the incoming limbs. Rather than exchange blows with their opponents, they got inside and implemented strategic knee thrusts, elbow strikes and head butts. Once again, they were trying to circumvent the reality of their situation and put themselves on an equal footing with their enemies.

The Equalizer

Now that the central theme of the Filipino paradigm—of David being forced to overcome Goliath—has been described, we will delve into the world of grappling and the topic of this article, kino mutai, or the "art of biting and pinching." Jeet kune do practitioners refer to it as "biting and eye gouging" because their preferred area to pinch is the opponent’s eyeball. 

Many Philippine escrimadors (escrima practitioners) possessed an invaluable attribute that most people today simply do not have: incredible grip strength. That was a byproduct of wielding heavy sticks, swords and knives all day long. One of the most famous grandmasters, Floro Villabrille, could actually husk coconuts with his bare hands. By no coincidence, Bruce Lee also possessed incredible grip strength, and he used innovative equipment to further develop tendon strength in his fingers and forearms. A strong grip is one of the most important attributes in kino mutai because being able to hold onto an opponent while biting him is the Philippine way of cheating on the ground. 

The Art

Whenever biting is mentioned, the first thing that usually comes to mind is, "Anyone can bite." In reality, that bland assertion is true, but the difference between "just plain biting" and kino mutai is how to bite, where to bite and when to bite. A kino mutai practitioner’s bite is "uninterrupted." That means he knows the exact places on your body to bite and does so with precise timing. He grabs hold of you using his superior grip strength and bites areas that would take you literally minutes to pull him off. There are more than 140 places on the human body that he can bite for as long as he wants. While biting, he is implementing his knowledge of kinesiology and sensitivity to hang on like a pit bull. 

In the world of wrestling, Brazilian-jujutsu practitioners are clearly the kings. Their subtle body movements, ground sensitivity and knowledge of leverage, escapes and finishing moves put them in a league of their own. When jujutsu is combined with kino mutai, the result is perhaps the most formidable hybrid grappling art on the planet. In a street fight, you can use the mix against a bigger, stronger ground fighter—if not to beat him on the ground, then to create enough space to get back on your feet (even if your only goal is to run). 

Mixing arts: Brazilian jujutsu combines well with kino mutai because its mastery of ground fighting allows the practitioner to jockey for just the right position before he starts biting and gouging with impunity.The Training

Before you begin practicing kino mutai, you must learn the essential principles. First is how to bite. You should always be cognizant of how much flesh is in your mouth. Typically, the average person will try to use all his teeth and take too much "meat" in one bite. To avoid that pitfall, you must angle your face so the pressure is applied directly on the incisors. The actual motion of the bite is a repeated circular ripping of the flesh, resulting in numerous smaller bites which, when applied cumulatively, inflict considerable damage. 

Maximum destruction: Kino mutai is the Philippine art of biting and eye gouging. With the proper jujutsu hold to keep your opponent from squirming, you can use both skills at the same time.The best way to practice this is to get a large piece of beef and place it inside a T-shirt. Next, set a timer and explode into it with the goal of tearing through the entire piece of beef as quickly as possible. At the beginning of the drill, you will encounter several hurdles. First, you will notice your teeth hydroplaning across the surface of the meat without actually penetrating. Varying the angle and pressure of the bite (using the attribute of sensitivity) can mitigate this problem. Second, halfway through the practice session you may discover one side of your jaw muscle cramping. When that happens, you can turn your head to engage the incisors on the opposite side. 

The more you practice this drill, the better your body mechanics will become, the easier it will be to make small, circular bites and the faster you will be able to gnaw through the beef. At the beginning, it may take two or three minutes to get through the meat. After 20 or 30 pot roasts, however, you will find that you can tear your way through a 5-pound slab of meat inside of 10 seconds. 

The next point that must be addressed is the most important concept of kino mutai: the ability to bite someone uninterrupted. To understand uninterrupted biting, picture yourself holding your opponent in a bear hug with your arms wrapped around his torso (or imagine he is held in your guard and your arms are wrapped around his neck) while you are biting his throat. If you do not have a firm grip on him while you bite, his instinctive response will be to pull away, resulting in a small puncture wound that will hardly do any damage. Applying the proper "vice grip" while making small tears with your incisors, however, will give you the ability to hang on and bite him until next Christmas. 

The Targets

That brings up the next item: where to bite. Yes, you can use your teeth just about anywhere on your opponent’s body, but to bite uninterrupted you must target specific areas. What constitutes a good area to bite? First, it should be extremely sensitive to pain. The cheek, neck, ear, nipple, latissimus dorsi muscle and groin are sensitive regions with many nerve endings. Second, it should be an area that will allow you to position yourself so your opponent cannot counter your bite by pulling away or pushing you away. The importance of biting a sensitive area while hanging on cannot be overstated. Using some basic jujutsu positions, we will present a few of the many possible bites. 

• If you are mounted on your opponent, you can bite his face and neck.

• If you are in the cross-side position, you can bite his cheek, ear or neck.

• If you are in the north-south position, you can bite his groin.

• If you have him in your guard, you can bite his cheek, ear or neck.

• If you are in his guard, you can bite his nipple.

• If you are on the bottom of the cross-side position, you can bite the latissimus muscle if his elbow is across your body or his neck if his elbow is elsewhere. 

Remember: The key is to hold your opponent so you can bite as long as you want. He will try to get the source of the pain—your teeth—away from his body as quickly as possible. That means he will try to create space between his body and yours. You can then take advantage of that space and push or kick him off. If you are pinned under someone much stronger and heavier than you, biting is the fastest way to escape. If, however, you fail to hang onto him while you bite, he will be able to pull away before your bite can inflict the damage required to get the reaction you need. 

Target acquisition: If you have assumed the cross-side position on your opponent, you can bite his cheek, ear or neck, Paul Vunak says. Other positions allow access to different targets.The Drill

Once you understand the concepts discussed above, it’s time to try kino mutai in sparring. The following drill will help you learn when to bite: 

While you and your partner grapple, look for the appropriate areas of his body to bite. Called target acquisition, this process can take from one to five minutes. Timing is critical, and only by actually rolling on the mat will you be able to develop the ability to engage in kino mutai at will. 

Once you have selected the target, your next step is to hold your training partner as firmly as you can to ensure that your bite will be uninterrupted. Then you simulate the bite by pressing your face firmly against the target for as long as possible. The moment your partner feels the "bite" being applied, he should attempt to defend himself by pushing your face away, breaking the hold, etc. If you apply the technique correctly, it should take him at least 10 seconds to escape the simulated bite. 

The Eyes

The second half of the kino mutai equation is the uninterrupted eye gouge. To train for it, you can use the same methodology as for biting: First wrestle slowly while you acquire a target. Each position that is advantageous for biting can also work for eye gouging—with the exception of the north-south position. Grab your opponent’s neck and gently press on his eyeball until he pulls your hand away. 

As you get better, he can wear swim goggles so you can practice the eye gouge more aggressively.

Small bites: One of the essentials is never bite off more that you can chew.

One often-overlooked advantage of using kino mutai is the tremendous psychological damage that a vicious bite or eye gouge will inflict. When you bite uninterrupted and your assailant cannot stop the pain, you cause him to panic. Because you are also biting a sensitive area, in essence you are destroying him emotionally. 

Kino mutai should be used only as a last resort. These days, the thought of having the blood of an unknown person in your mouth is certainly objectionable. However, in a life-or-death situation, biting at precisely the right time could enable you to create enough space to escape. 

In the martial arts, there must be a clear distinction between self-preservation (doing whatever it takes to save yourself and your loved ones) and self-perfection (the sport and training aspects of a style). When you think about bludgeoning someone with a stick, stabbing him with a knife or biting a hole in his face, it is obviously distasteful. However, when it comes to protecting the life of your mother, your spouse or your children, is there anything you wouldn’t do?